Leisure Education Grounded in Social Justice: A Facilitation Technique that Contributes to Inclusive Leisure and Therapeutic Recreation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18666/TRJ-2024-V58-I1-11869Abstract
Leisure education is an important area of service that encourages people to participate actively in physically, mentally, socially, and emotionally healthy activities. This educational approach empowers people to make decisions, discover new information and resources about leisure, and navigate through stressful transitions throughout their lives. The purpose of this paper is to clarify that leisure education is grounded on principles of social justice and facilitates two synergistic service contexts of inclusive leisure and therapeutic recreation (TR). To achieve this purpose, this paper contains supportive literature identifying that leisure education grounded in social justice principles is a facilitation technique used in providing inclusive leisure and TR services. Further, the literature presented in the paper provides a rationale for grounding leisure education in social justice to assist people in achieving goals of leisure associated with authenticity and self-determination, positive health and well-being, and flourishing. The paper increases understanding of leisure education and ways TR practitioners can use it to positively support people to live the lives they value. Therefore, this paper provides a unique contribution to the literature by identifying that social justice can be the basis for leisure education as a component of both TR and inclusive leisure services designed to help participants experience authenticity and self-determination culminating in leisure, positive health, well-being, and flourishing.
Author Note: Selected content for this paper was drawn from the following two 2021 books reflecting the author’s collective work: (a) Inclusive Leisure Services: Grounded in Social Justice (5th Edition), and (b) Leisure Education Program Planning: A Systematic Approach (5th Edition), and a 2023 book (c) Facilitation Techniques in Therapeutic Recreation (4th edition).
Author note: This paper is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Kenneth Mobily
References
Allen, A. (1998). Rethinking power. Hypatia, 13, 21–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1998.tb01350.x
Allison, M. T. (2000). Leisure, diversity and social justice. Journal of Leisure Research, 32(1), 2-6. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2000.11949876
Anderson, L. S., & Heyne, L. A. (2012). Flourishing through Leisure: An ecological extension of the Leisure and Well-Being Model in therapeutic recreation strengths-based practice. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 46, 129–152.
American Therapeutic Recreation Association. (n.d.). American Therapeutic Recreation Association Definition Statement. About recreational therapy. https://www.atra-online.com/page/AboutRecTherapy
American Therapeutic Recreation Association. (2015). American Therapeutic Recreation Association Definition Statement. Who we are. https://www.atra-online.com/page/WhoWeAre#:~:text=Recreational%20therapy%2C%20also%20known%20as,%2C%20recovery%20and%20well%2Dbeing.
Banks, K. H., & Stephens, J. (2018). Reframing internalized racial oppression and charting a way forward. Social Issues and Policy Review, 12(1), 91-111. https://doi.org/10.1111/sipr.12041
Beatty, J., & Tolbert, W. R. (2013). Yin and Yang: The relationship of leisure and work. In T. Blackshaw (Ed.), Routledge handbook of leisure studies (pp. 469–479). Routledge.
Bedini, L. A., & Wu, Y. M. (1994). A methodological review of research in Therapeutic Recreation Journal from 1986 to 1990. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 28, 87-87.
Blackshaw, T. (2010). Leisure. Routledge.
Bouwer, J., & van Leeuwen, M. (2017). Philosophy of leisure: Foundations of the good life. Routledge.
Bradford, G. K., & Sterling, M. M. (2009). The journey is the goal: The legacy of James FT Bugental. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 49(3), 316–328. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167809334000
Brajša-Žganec, A., Merkaš, M., & Šverko, I. (2011). Quality of life and leisure activities: How do leisure activities contribute to subjective well-being?. Social Indicators Research, 102(1), 81-91. doi: 10.1007/s11205-010-9724-2
Burke, K. M., Raley, S. K., Shogren, K. A., Hagiwara, M., Mumbardó-Adam, C., Uyanik, H., & Behrens, S. (2020). A meta-analysis of interventions to promote self-determination for students with disabilities. Remedial and Special Education, 41(3), 176-188. doi: 10.1177/0741932518802274
Carruthers, C. P., & Hood, C. D. (2007). Building a life of meaning through therapeutic recreation: The leisure and well-being model, part I. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 41, 276-297.
Chino, H., Takeuchi, Y., Wakano, T., Koike, K., & Nagata, S. (2019). Leisure education in Japan. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 53, 274-279. https://doi.org/10.18666/TRJ-2019-V53-I3-9659
Cole, S., Zhang, Y., Wang, W., & Hu, C. M. (2019). The influence of accessibility and motivation on leisure travel participation of people with disabilities. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 36(1), 119-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2018.1496218
Dattilo, J. (2021a). Leisure education program planning (5thedition). Sagamore-Venture.
Dattilo, J. (2021b). Inclusive leisure services: Grounded in social justice (5thedition). Sagamore-Venture.
Dattilo, J. (2015). Positive psychology and leisure education: One possible systematic and balanced approach. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 49(2), 148-165.
Dattilo, J., Kleiber, D., & Williams, R. (1998). Self-determination and enjoyment enhancement: A psychologically-based service delivery model for therapeutic recreation. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 32, 258-271.
Dattilo, J., & Lopez Frias, F. J. (2021). A critical examination of leisure in modernity: Rejecting instrumentalism and embracing flourishing. Journal of Leisure Research, 52(5), 581-598. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2020.1789013
Dattilo, J., Lorek, A., & Sliwinski, M. (2022). Effects of video-assisted leisure education on leisure, loneliness, and affect of older adults. Leisure Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2022.2046523
Dattilo, J., & McKenney, A. (2016). Facilitation techniques in therapeutic recreation (3rd edition). Sagamore-Venture.
Devine, M. A. (2021). Inclusive leisure for individuals with disabilities: Consideration of the case for social justice. Loisir et Société/Society and Leisure, 44(2), 171-181. https://doi.org/10.1080/07053436.2021.1935414
Devine, M. A., & Parr, M. G. (2008). “Come on in, but not too far:” Social capital in an inclusive leisure setting. Leisure Sciences, 30(5), 391-408. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400802353083
Devine, M. A., & Wilhite, B. (1999). Theory application in therapeutic recreation practice and research. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 33, 29-45.
Díaz-Esterri, J., De-Juanas, Á., Goig-Martínez, R., & García-Castilla, F. J. (2021). Inclusive Leisure as a Resource for Socio-Educational Intervention during the COVID-19 Pandemic with Care Leavers. Sustainability, 13(16), 8851. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13168851
Diener, E., Lucas, R. E., & Oishi, S. (2018). Advances and open questions in the science of subjective well-being. Collabra: Psychology, 4(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.115
Dieser, R. B. (2020). Re-imagining leisure education with Canadian hope: will the caravan of American individualism keep rolling?. Leisure/Loisir, 44(3), 317-326. https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2020.1780936
Dieser, R. (2013). Leisure education: A person-centered, system-directed, social policy perspective. Sagamore Publishing.
Edel, R. P., & Means, W. T. (2022). Mindfully strong evidence-based curriculum: A therapeutic recreation concept design. American Journal of Recreation Therapy, 21(2), 42-48.
Fakolade, A., Lamarre, J., Latime r‐Cheung, A., Parsons, T., Morrow, S. A., & Finlayson, M. (2018). Understanding leisure‐time physical activity: Voices of people with MS who have moderate‐to‐severe disability and their family caregivers. Health Expectations, 21(1), 181-191. doi: 10.1111/hex.12600
Fancourt, D., Aughterson, H., Finn, S., Walker, E., & Steptoe, A. (2021). How leisure activities affect health: A narrative review and multi-level theoretical framework of mechanisms of action. The Lancet Psychiatry, 8(4), 329-339. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30384-9
Fortune, D., & Mckeown, J. (2016). Sharing the journey: Exploring a social leisure program for persons with dementia and their spouses. Leisure Sciences, 38(4), 373–387. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2016.1157776.
Foucault, M. (1982). The subject and power. Critical Inquiry, 8, 777–795, doi:10.1086/448181
Fredrickson, B. L. (2009). Positivity: Top-notch research reveals the 3-to-1 ratio that will change your life. Random House.
Frisby, W., & Ponic, P. (2013). Sport and social inclusion. In L. Thibault & J. Harvey (Eds.), Sport policy in Canada (pp. 381–403). University of Ottawa Press.
Freysinger V. J., & Harris, O. (2006). Race and leisure. In C. Rojek, S. M. Shaw, & A. J. Veal (Eds.). A handbook of leisure studies (pp. 250-270). Palgrave Macmillan.
Gallant, K., Hutchinson, S., White, C. M., Hamilton-Hinch, B., Litwiller, F., Lauckner, H., & Burns, R. (2020). Reaching out to welcome in: Guidelines for socially inclusive recreation settings and programs for people with mental health challenges. Leisure/Loisir, 44(3), 327-351. https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2020.1780933
Garcia-Villamisar, D., Dattilo, J., & Muela, C. (2017). Effects of B-active2 on balance, gait, stress, and well-being of adults with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability: A controlled trial. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 34(2), 125-140. https://doi.org/10.1123/apaq.2015-0071
Gary, K. (2017). Neoliberal education for work versus liberal education for leisure. Studies in Philosophy and Education, 36(1), 83–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11217-016-9545-0
Goffman, E. (2009). Stigma: Notes on the management of spoiled identity. Simon and Schuster.
Goodin, R. E. (1996). Inclusion and exclusion. European Journal of Sociology/Archives Européennes de Sociologie/Europäisches Archiv Für Soziologie, 37(2), 343–371. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23997023
Goodman, F., Disabato, D., Kashdan, T., & Kauffman, S. (2017). Measuring well-being: A comparison of subjective wellbeing and PERMA. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2017.1388434
Harahousou, Y. (2006). Leisure and aging. In C. Rojek, S. M. Shaw, & A. J. Veal (Eds.). A handbook of leisure studies (pp. 231-249). Palgrave Macmillan.
Harrington, M. (2006). Family leisure. In C. Rojek, S. M. Shaw, & A. J. Veal (Eds.). A handbook of leisure studies (pp. 417-432). Palgrave Macmillan.
Heyne, L. A., & Anderson, L. S. (2012). Theories that support strengths-based practice in therapeutic recreation. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 46, 106-128.
Hiebert, C., & Oancescu, J. (2022). Leisure education, poverty and recreation participation: A case study of a community-based leisure education delivery system. Tourism Case Studies, 2022, tourism20220017. https://doi.org/10.1079/tourism.2022.0017
Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (1998). Positive moods derived from leisure and their relationship to happiness and personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 25(3), 523–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00082-8
Holba, A. M. (2014). In defense of leisure. Communication Quarterly, 62(2), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/01463373.2014.890117
Holba, A. M. (2007). Philosophical leisure: Recuperative practice for human communication (No. 55). Marquette University Press.
Hood, C. D., & Carruthers, C. P. (2016). Strengths-based TR program development using the Leisure and Well-Being Model: Translating theory into practice. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 50, 4-20. https://doi.org/10.18666/TRJ-2016-V50-I1-6780
Howard, D., Russoniello, C., & Rogers, D. (2004). Healthy People 2010 and therapeutic recreation: Professional opportunities to promote public health. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 38, 116-132.
Hutchinson, S. L., & Shannon, C. S. (2020). Innovations in leisure education: revisiting and re-imagining leisure education. Leisure/Loisir, 44(3), 307-316. https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2020.1783754
Janke, M. C., Payne, L. L., & Son, J. S. (2020). Leisure education in chronic disease self-management: A case study and lessons learned. Leisure/Loisir, 44(3), 397-420. https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2020.1780932
Jo, K. K. (2019). Learning to rest: A Pieperian approach to leisure in education. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 53(2), 374–393. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9752.12344
Kanagasabai, P. S., Mulligan, H., Hale, L. A., & Mirfin-Veitch, B. (2018). “I do like the activities which I can do…” Leisure participation experiences of children with movement impairments. Disability and Rehabilitation, 40(14), 1630-1638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2017.1303093
Kelly, J. R. (1987). Possessing leisure. World Leisure & Recreation, 29(3), 12–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10261133.1987.10559001
Kjølsrød, L. (2019). Leisure as source of knowledge, social resilience and public commitment: Specialized play. Springer.
Kleiber, D. A., & Linde, B. D. (2014). The case for leisure education in preparation for the retirement transition. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 32(1), 110-127. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276918220
Kuykendall, L., Boemerman, L., & Zhu, Z. (2018). The importance of leisure for subjective well-being. In E. Diener, S. Oishi, & L. Tay (Eds.), Handbook of well-being. DEF Publishers. DOI:nobascholar.com
Layland, E. K., Hill, B. J., & Nelson, L. J. (2018). Freedom to explore the self: How emerging adults use leisure to develop identity. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 13(1), 78-91. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2017.1374440
Lee, K., & Ewert, A. (2019). Understanding the motivations of serious leisure participation: A self-determination approach. Annals of Leisure Research, 22(1), 76-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2018.1469420
Longo, E., Regalado, I. C. R., Galvão, E. R. V. P., Ferreira, H. N. C., Badia, M., & Baz, B. O. (2020). I Want to play: Children with cerebral palsy talk about their experiences on barriers and facilitators to participation in leisure activities. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 32(3), 190-200.
Leonardi, F. (2018). The definition of health: towards new perspectives. International Journal of Health Services, 48(4), 735-748. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020731418782653
Lopez Frias, F. J., & Dattilo, J. (2021). The influence of power on leisure: Implications for inclusive leisure services. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 2220. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052220
Lopez Frias, F. J., & Dattilo, J. (2020). The synergy of the social justice and inclusion leisure continuum. International Journal of the Sociology of Leisure, 3(3) 259-275. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41978-020-00059-y
López-Otín, C., & Kroemer, G. (2021). Hallmarks of health. Cell, 184(1), 33-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.034
Lorek, A., Dattilo, J., Mogle, J., Freed, S., Frysinger, M., & Chen, S., (2017). Staying Connected: Recommendations by older adults concerning community leisure service delivery. Journal of Park Recreation Administration, 35(3), 93-111.
http://dx.doi.org/10.18666/JPRA-2017-V35-I3-7682
Lovelock, B. (2017). Introduction to special issue: ethics and leisure. Annals of Leisure Research, 20(5), 519-523. https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2017.1391463
Lyu, J., Huang, H., & Hu, L. (2019). Leisure education and social capital: The case of university programmes for older adults in China. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 25, 100207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2019.100207
MacIntyre, A. (2007). After virtue (3rd ed.). University of Notre Dame.
MacIntyre, A. (1999). Dependent rational animals: Why human beings need the virtues. Open Court.
Mansfield, L. (2021). Leisure and health–critical commentary. Annals of Leisure Research, 24(3), 283-294. https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2020.1767664
Marks, D. (1997). Models of disability. Disability and Rehabilitation, 19(3), 85-91. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638289709166831
Martin, K. E., Cox, R. J., Kendall, M. B., & Price, G. L. (2017). Leisure therapy: Exploring leisure-specific goals and outcomes in a spinal cord injury rehabilitation unit. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 24(6), 263-267. https://doi.org/10.12968/ijtr.2017.24.6.263
McDonald, B., Goldstein, T. R., & Kanske, P. (2020). Could acting training improve social cognition and emotional control?. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14, 348. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00348
McCartney, G., Popham, F., McMaster, R., & Cumbers, A. (2019). Defining health and health inequalities. Public Health, 172, 22-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.03.023
Miars, R. D. (2002). Existential authenticity: A foundational value for counseling. Counseling and Values, 46(3), 218–225. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-007X.2002.tb00215.x
Miller, D. L. (2003). Principles of social justice. Harvard University Press.
Mobily, K., & Johnson, A. (2021). Disability, belonging, and inclusive leisure. Loisir et Société/Society and Leisure, 44(2), 144-154. https://doi.org/10.1080/07053436.2021.1935429
Mobily, K. E., & Dieser, R. B. (2018). Seeking alternatives in therapeutic recreation/recreation therapy: A social/recreation community model. Leisure/Loisir, 42(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2017.1403860
Monserud, M. A. (2022). Leisure activities and depressive symptoms among older men and women in Mexico: Implications of physical health. Journal of Aging and Health, 1-14. doi: 10.1177/08982643221108036
Newman, D. B., Tay, L., & Diener, E. (2014). Leisure and subjective well-being: A model of psychological mechanisms as mediating factors. Journal of Happiness Studies, 15(3), 555-578. doi: 10.1007/s10902-013-9435-x
Ntoumanis, N., Ng, J. Y., Prestwich, A., Quested, E., Hancox, J. E., Thøgersen-Ntoumani, C., Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M., Lonsdale, C., & Williams, G. C. (2021). A meta-analysis of self-determination theory-informed intervention studies in the health domain: effects on motivation, health behavior, physical, and psychological health. Health Psychology Review, 15(2), 214-244. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2020.1718529
Nussbaum, M. C. (2006). Frontiers of justice: Disability, nationality, species membership. Belknap.
Olson, M. A. (2018). Application of the principles of universal design to evaluate active-leisure facilities used by Baby Boomers—examples from seven ski resorts. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 42(2), 143-162. https://doi.org/10.1080/01924788.2017.1398035
Oncescu, J., & Neufeld, C. (2020). Bridging low-income families to community leisure provisions: the role of leisure education. Leisure/Loisir, 44(3), 375-396. https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2020.1780931
Orakani, S. N., Smith, K., & Weaver, A. (2021). Reframing the experiences of travellers with mobility impairments: Enhancing the leisure constraints model. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 47, 84-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.03.003
Owens, J. (1981). Aristotle on leisure. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 11(4), 713–723. https://doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1981.10716332
Pieper, J. (1968). Leisure: The basis of culture (G. Marsbury, Trans.). St. Augustine’s Press.
Pinckney, H. P., Mowatt, R. A., Outley, C., Brown, A., Floyd, M. F., & Black, K. L. (2018). Black spaces/white spaces: Black lives, leisure, and life politics. Leisure Sciences, 40(4), 267-287. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2018.1454361
Porter, H., Iwasaki, Y., & Shank, J. (2010). Conceptualizing meaning-making through leisure experiences. Society and Leisure, 33(2), 167–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/07053436.2010.10707808
Priester, P. E., & Ivankovich, K. C. (2018). Dirty secrets, unholy unions, and death sentences: Disability-based oppression and privilege. In S. K. Anderson & V. A. Middleton (Eds.), Explorations in diversity: Examining the complexities of privilege, discrimination, and oppression (pp. 240–249). Oxford University Press.
Rapoport, R., & Rapoport, R. N. (2019). Leisure and the family life cycle. Routledge.
Reid, C., & Alonso, M. (2018). Imagining inclusion: Uncovering the upstream determinants of mental health through Photovoice. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 52, 19-41. doi:10.18666/TRJ-2018-V52-I1-8461
Rojek, C. (2006). Leisure, culture and civilization. In C. Rojek, S. M. Shaw, & A. J. Veal (Eds.). A handbook of leisure studies (pp. 25-40). Palgrave Macmillan.
Rojek, C., Shaw, S. M., & Veal, A. J. (2006). Introduction: Process and content. In C. Rojek, S. M. Shaw, & A. J. Veal (Eds.). A handbook of leisure studies (pp. 1-21). Palgrave Macmillan.
Sager, A. (2013). Philosophy of leisure. In T. Blackshaw (Ed.) Routledge handbook of leisure studies (pp. 5–14). Routledge.
Schultz, C. S., & McKeown, J. K. (2018). Introduction to the special issue: Toward “digital leisure studies.” Leisure Sciences, 40(4), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2018.1441768
Seligman, M. (2018). PERMA and the building blocks of well-being. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 13(4), 333-335. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2018.1437466
Seligman, M. (2011). Flourish. Free Press.
Shah, M. H., Alford, S., & Merom, D. (2020). Leisure Education for youth with a lived experience of mental illness, development of the FRESH [Fun Recreation Exercise and Skills for Health] program for a Youth Cohort in Western Sydney, Australia. In T. Delmere (Ed.) Innovative leisure practices: Cases as conduits between theory and practice (pp. 1-16). VIU Press.
Shannon, C. S. (2012). Leisure education within the context of a childhood obesity intervention programme: Parents’ experiences. World Leisure Journal, 54(1), 16-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/04419057.2012.668045
Shannon, C., Oncescu, & Hutchinson, S. (2016). The potential of leisure education to address the 'wicked problems' prioritized in A Framework for Recreation in Canada. Leisure! Leisure/Loisir, 40(3), 253-270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2016.1252937.
Shirazipour, C. H., Evans, M. B., Leo, J., Lithopoulos, A., Martin Ginis, K. A., & Latimer-Cheung, A. E. (2020). Program conditions that foster quality physical activity participation experiences for people with a physical disability: a systematic review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 42(2), 147-155. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2018.1494215
Silva, C. F., & Howe, P. D. (2012). Difference, adapted physical activity and human development: Potential contribution of capabilities approach. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 29(1), 25-43. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/51905182
Sirgy, M. J., Uysal, M., & Kruger, S. (2018). A benefits theory of leisure well-being. In L. Rodriguez de la Vega, & W. Toscano (Eds.). Handbook of leisure, physical activity, sports, recreation and quality of life (pp. 3-18). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75529-8_1
Sivan, A. (1997). Research development in leisure education research and implementation. World Leisure and Recreation, 39(2), 41–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/10261133.1997.9674066
Sivan, A., & Stebbins, R.A. (2011). Leisure education: Definition, aims, advocacy, and practices – are we talking about the same thing(s)? World Leisure Journal, 53(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/04419057.2011.552216
Spooner, H., Lee, J. B., Langston, D. G., Sonke, J., Myers, K. J., & Levy, C. E. (2019). Using distance technology to deliver the creative arts therapies to veterans: Case studies in art, dance/movement and music therapy. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 62, 12-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2018.11.012
Spracklen, K. (2015). From playful pleasure to dystopian control: Marx, Gramsci, Habermas and the limits of leisure. Akademisk Kvarter/Acadaemic Quarter, 11, 24–34. https://eprints.leedsbeckett.ac.uk/id/eprint/1777/
Spracklen, K. (2009). The meaning and purpose of leisure: Habermas and leisure at the end of modernity. Palgrave Macmillan.
Steinhardt, F., Ullenhag, A., Jahnsen, R., & Dolva, A. S. (2021). Perceived facilitators and barriers for participation in leisure activities in children with disabilities: perspectives of children, parents and professionals. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 28(2), 121-135. https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2019.1703037
Stumbo, N. J. (2011a). Selecting programs and activities based on goals and outcomes. In N. J. Stumbo, & B. Wardlaw. Facilitation of therapeutic recreation services: An evidence-based and best practice approach to techniques and processes (pp. 35-52). Sagamore-Venture Publishing.
Stumbo, N. J. (2011b). The need for evidence-based practice in therapeutic recreation. In N. J. Stumbo, & B. Wardlaw. Facilitation of therapeutic recreation services: An evidence-based and best practice approach to techniques and processes (pp. 1-12). Sagamore-Venture Publishing.
Stumbo, N. J. (2011c). Instructional techniques. In N. J. Stumbo, & B. Wardlaw. Facilitation of therapeutic recreation services: An evidence-based and best practice approach to techniques and processes (pp. 87-114). Sagamore-Venture Publishing.
Stumbo, N. J., Kim, J., & Kim, Y-G. (2011). Leisure education. In N. J. Stumbo, & B. Wardlaw. Facilitation of therapeutic recreation services: An evidence-based and best practice approach to techniques and processes (pp. 13-34). Sagamore-Venture Publishing.
Stumbo, N. J., & Wardlaw, B. (2011). Facilitation of therapeutic recreation services: An evidence-based and best practice approach to techniques and processes. Sagamore-Venture Publishing.
Sylvester, C. (1989). Therapeutic recreation and the practice of history. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 23(4), 19-28.
Teschers, C. (2017). Education and Schmid’s Art of Living: Philosophical, psychological and educational perspectives on living a good life. Routledge.
Theriault, D. (2019). Power threats and radical healing in black youths’ leisure. Journal of Leisure Research, 50(5), 413–424. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2019.1633570
Thoreau, H. 1985. Walden or life in the woods. Avenel Books.
Tollefsen, C. (2010). Disability and social justice. In C. D. Ralston & J. Ho (Eds.), Philosophical reflections on disability (pp. 211–228). Springer.
Tov, W. (2018). Well-being concepts and components. In E. Diener, S. Oishi, & L. Tay (Eds.), Handbook of well-being. DEF Publishers. DOI:nobascholar.com
VanderWeele, T. J. (2017). On the promotion of human flourishing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(31), 8148–8156. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1702996114
Veal, A. J. (2015). Human rights, leisure and leisure studies. World Leisure Journal, 57(4), 249-272. https://doi.org/10.1080/16078055.2015.1081271
Veal, A. J. (2006). Economics of leisure. In C. Rojek, S. M. Shaw, & A. J. Veal (Eds.). A handbook of leisure studies (pp. 140-1611). Palgrave Macmillan.
Wilkinson, S., Harvey, W., & Tabbane, K. (2019). Leisure education and active participation for persons with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Leisure/Loisir, 43(3), 315-337.
Wilkinson, S., Kmiecik, K., & Harvey, W. (2020). Community connections: Leisure education through afterschool programming. Leisure/Loisir, 44(3), 421-439. https://doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2020.1780935
Wise, J. B. (2021). Relationships among conceptualizations of flourishing in therapeutic recreation. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 55, 322-341. https://doi.org/10.18666/TRJ-2021-V55-I3-10967
Wise, J. B. (2020). Flourishing through Leisure practice model, Capabilities Approach, and MacIntyre's theory of flourishing: Compatible and interrelated. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 54, 64-76. https://doi.org/10.18666/TRJ-2020-V54-I1-9688
Wise, J. B. (2018). Integrating leisure, human flourishing, and the capabilities approach: Implications for therapeutic recreation. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 52, 254–268. https://doi.org/10.18666/TRJ-2018-V52-I3-8479
Wise, J. B. (2015). A human right. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 49, 166–178. https://ezaccess.libraries.psu.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fscholarly-journals%2Fhuman-right%2Fdocview%2F1712624405%2Fse-2%3Faccountid%3D13158
Wise, J. B. (2010). Theory of human flourishing for therapeutic recreation. American Journal of Recreation Therapy, 9, 27-34.
Wise, J. B., & Barney, K. (2021). A personal narrative conveying human flourishing. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 55, 42-59. https://doi.org/10.18666/TRJ-2021-V55-I1-10430
Zhang, Y., Cole, S., Ricci, P., & Gao, J. (2019). Context-based leisure travel facilitation among people with mobility challenges: A self-determination theory approach. Journal of Travel Research, 58(1), 42-62. doi: 10.1177/0047287517741004
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Sagamore Publishing LLC (hereinafter the “Copyright Owner”)
Journal Publishing Copyright Agreement for Authors
PLEASE REVIEW OUR POLICIES AND THE PUBLISHING AGREEMENT, AND INDICATE YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THE TERMS BY CHECKING THE ‘AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS COPYRIGHT NOTICE’ CHECKBOX BELOW.
I understand that by submitting an article to Therapeutic Recreation Journal, I am granting the copyright to the article submitted for consideration for publication in Therapeutic Recreation Journal to the Copyright Owner. If after consideration of the Editor of the Therapeutic Recreation Journal, the article is not accepted for publication, all copyright covered under this agreement will be automatically returned to the Author(s).
THE PUBLISHING AGREEMENT
Assignment of Copyright
I hereby assign to the Copyright Owner the copyright in the manuscript I am submitting in this online procedure and any tables, illustrations or other material submitted for publication as part of the manuscript in all forms and media (whether now known or later developed), throughout the world, in all languages, for the full term of copyright, effective when the article is accepted for publication.
Reversion of Rights
Articles may sometimes be accepted for publication but later be rejected in the publication process, even in some cases after public posting in “Articles in Press” form, in which case all rights will revert to the Author.
Retention of Rights for Scholarly Purposes
I understand that I retain or am hereby granted the Retained Rights. The Retained Rights include the right to use the Preprint, Accepted Manuscript, and the Published Journal Article for Personal Use and Internal Institutional Use.
All journal material is under a 12 month embargo. Authors who would like to have their articles available as open access should contact Sagamore-Venture for further information.
In the case of the Accepted Manuscript and the Published Journal Article, the Retained Rights exclude Commercial Use, other than use by the author in a subsequent compilation of the author’s works or to extend the Article to book length form or re-use by the author of portions or excerpts in other works.
Published Journal Article: the author may share a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI.
Author Representations
- The Article I have submitted to the journal for review is original, has been written by the stated author(s) and has not been published elsewhere.
- The Article was not submitted for review to another journal while under review by this journal and will not be submitted to any other journal.
- The Article contains no libelous or other unlawful statements and does not contain any materials that violate any personal or proprietary rights of any other person or entity.
- I have obtained written permission from copyright owners for any excerpts from copyrighted works that are included and have credited the sources in the Article.
- If the Article was prepared jointly with other authors, I have informed the co-author(s) of the terms of this Journal Publishing Agreement and that I am signing on their behalf as their agent, and I am authorized to do so.